School-Age Child: Developing Industry and Concrete Thought
School-Age Child: Developing Industry and Concrete Thought Increased Language Skills; Interest in Acquiring Knowledge Explain procedure using correct scientific and medical terminology. Explain procedure using simple diagrams and photographs. Discuss why procedure is necessary; concepts of illness and bodily functions are often vague. Explain function and operation of equipment in concrete terms. Allow child to […]
Preschooler: Developing Initiative and Preoperational Thought
Preschooler: Developing Initiative and Preoperational Thought Egocentric Explain procedure in simple terms and in relation to how it affects child (as with toddler, stress sensory aspects). Demonstrate use of equipment. Allow child to play with miniature or actual equipment. Encourage “playing out” experience on a doll both before and after procedure to clarify misconceptions. Use […]
Toddler: Developing Autonomy and Sensorimotor to Preoperational Thought
Toddler: Developing Autonomy and Sensorimotor to Preoperational Thought Use same approaches as for infant plus the following. Egocentric Thought Explain procedure in relation to what child will see, hear, taste, smell, and feel. Emphasize those aspects of procedure that require cooperation (e.g., lying still). Tell child it is okay to cry, yell, or use other […]
Infant: Developing trust and sensorimotor thought
Age-specific guidelines for preparation Infant: Developing trust and sensorimotor thought Attachment to Parent Involve parent in procedure if desired. Keep parent in infant’s line of vision. If parent is unable to be with infant, place familiar object with infant (e.g., stuffed toy). Stranger Anxiety Have usual caregivers perform or assist with procedure. Make advances slowly […]
Preparation for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures
Preparation for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures Psychologic preparation Selecting nonthreatening words or phrases Words and Phrases to Avoid Suggested Substitutions Shot, bee sting, stick Medicine under the skin Organ Special place in body Test To see how (specify body part) is working Incision, cut Special opening Edema Puffiness Stretcher, gurney Rolling bed, bed on wheels […]
Pediatric Variations of Nursing interventions
Pediatric Variations of Nursing interventions General concept related to pediatric procedures Informed consent The person must be capable of giving consent: Age at majority (usually age 18) The person must receive the information needed to make an intelligent decision The person must act voluntarily when exercising freedom of choice Requirements for obtaining informed consent Separate […]
Nursing care of the family
Nursing care of the family Supporting family members Supporting Siblings During Hospitalization Trade off staying at the hospital with spouse or have a surrogate who knows the siblings well stay in the home. Offer information about the child’s condition to young siblings as well as older siblings; respect the sibling who avoids information as a […]
Preventing or minimizing separation
Preventing or minimizing separation Nurses must have an appreciation of the child’s separation behaviors. The child is allowed to cry. Even if the child rejects strangers, the nurse provides support through physical presence. The use of cellular phones can increase the contact between the hospitalized child and parents or other significant family members and friends. […]
Special hospital admission
Special hospital admission Emergency admission Lengthy preparatory admission procedures are often impossible and inappropriate for emergency situations. Focus assessment on airway, breathing, and circulation; weigh child whenever possible for calculation of drug dosages. Unless an emergency is life-threatening, children need to participate in their care to maintain a sense of control. Focus on essential components […]
Hospital admission
Hospital admission Preadmission Assign a room based on developmental age, seriousness of diagnosis, communicability of illness, and projected length of stay. Prepare roommate(s) for the arrival of a new patient; when children are too young to benefit from this consideration, prepare parents. Prepare room for child and family, with admission forms and equipment nearby to […]