Tuberculosis
- Infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- Lungs most commonly infected
- 1/3 of world’s population has TB
- Leading cause of death in patients with HIV/AIDs
- Prevalence is decreasing in the United States
Risk factors
- Homeless
- Residents of inner-city neighborhoods
- Foreign-born persons
- Living or working in institutions (includes health care workers)
- IV injecting drug users
- Poverty, poor access to health care
- Immunosuppression
Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB)
- Resistance to 2 of the most potent first-line anti-TB drugs
- Extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB) resistant to any fluoroquinolone plus any injectable antibiotic
- Several causes for resistance occur
- Incorrect prescribing
- Lack of case management
- Nonadherence
