Precautions C N S stimulants Use caution in children with psychoses; clients with Tourette’s disorder, anorexia, or insomnia; elderly, debilitated, or asthenic clients; and clients

Psychostimulants ADHD (Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder) Indications Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (A D H D) in children and adults Medications are also used to treat narcolepsy and

Sedative-Hypnotics Indications Short-term management of various anxiety states and treatment of insomnia; selected agents are used as anticonvulsants, as preoperative sedatives, and to reduce anxiety

Nontherapeutic Communication  Example Rationale Reassuring    -Indicting there is not cause for anxiety. “Everything will be all right.” “I wouldn’t worry about that!” 1. Attempts

Interpersonal Techniques Therapeutic Communication Techniques (Recommended to use when interacting with a patient) Examples Rationale Silence  -Absence of verbal communication 1. Interested, expectant silences often

Nursing Liability Negligence- failure to exercise the care toward others that a reasonable or prudent person would do in the circumstances, or taking action that

Hospitalization Voluntary admissions Involuntary commitments- where the client is in imminent danger to themselves or other, or unable to perform ADL (activities of daily living)

Legal Issues in Psychiatric/Mental Health Nursing Confidentiality and right to privacy Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (H I P A A) Individuals have the

Ethical principles Autonomy emphasizes the status of persons as autonomous moral agents whose rights to determine their destinies should always be respected. Beneficence refers to

Legal and Ethical issues Ethics: A branch of philosophy that deals with distinguishing right from wrong Bioethics: Term applied to ethics when they refer to

Neurotransmitters Functions Implications in mental illness Acetylcholine Sleep, arousal, pain perception, motor control, learning, and memory Motor and memory disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s

Biological Implications Greater emphasis has been placed on the study of the biological foundations of cognitive processes, emotional processes, and behavioral processes Review of the