Diagnostic studies

Detailed history and physical exam
Spirometry
Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR)
Chest x-ray
Oximetry
Allergy testing
Blood levels of eosinophils

Diagnostic Assessment

History and physical examination
Spirometry, including response to bronchodilator therapy
Peak expiratory low rate (PEFR)
Chest xray
Measurement of oximetry
Allergy skin testing (if indicated)
Blood level of eosinophils and IgE (if indicated)

Management

Intermittent or Persistent Asthma

Identification and avoidance or elimination of triggers
Patient and caregiver teaching
Drug therapy
Asthma action plan
Desensitization (immunotherapy) if indicated
Assess for control (e.g., Asthma Control Test [ACT])*

Acute Exacerbations

SaO₂ monitoring
ABGs
Inhaled β2adrenergic agonists
Inhaled anticholinergics
O₂ by nasal cannula or mask
IV or oral corticosteroids
IV fluids
IV magnesium
Intubation and assisted ventilation

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