Performing Pediatric Physical Examination

Performing Pediatric Physical Examination Perform the examination in an appropriate, nonthreatening area: Have room well-lit and decorated with neutral colors. Have room temperature comfortably warm. Place all strange and potentially frightening equipment out of sight. Have some toys, dolls, stuffed animals, and games available for the child. If possible, have rooms decorated and equipped for […]

Clinical Assessment of Nutritional Status : Sequence of examination

Sequence of examination Infant Before able to sit alone — supine or prone, preferably in parent’s lap; before 4 to 6 months, can place on examining table After able to sit alone — sitting in parent’s lap whenever possible; if on table, place with parent in full view If quiet, auscultate heart, lungs, and abdomen. […]

Clinical Assessment of Nutritional Status : Clinical Assessment of Nutritional Status

Clinical Assessment of Nutritional Status Evidence of Adequate Nutrition Evidence of Deficient or Excessive Nutrition Deficiency or Excess General Growth Normal weight gain, growth velocity, and head growth for age and gender Weight loss or poor weight Protein, calories, fats, and other essential nutrients, especially vitamin A, pyridoxine, niacin, calcium, iodine, manganese, zinc Excess weight […]

Communication and Physical Assessment of the Child and Family : Nutrition

Nutrition Dietary intake Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) are a set of four evidence-based nutrient reference values that provide quantitative estimates of nutrient intakes for use in assessing and planning dietary intake: Estimated Average Requirement:  Estimated to meet the nutrients requirements of one-half of healthy individuals for a specific age and gender group Recommended Dietary Allowance […]

Communication and Physical Assessment of the Child and Family : Review of systems

Review of systems   Constitutional:  Overall state of health, fatigue, recent or unexplained weight gain or loss (period for either), contributing factors (change of diet, illness, altered appetite), exercise tolerance, fevers (time of day), chills, night sweats (unrelated to climatic conditions), general ability to carry out activities of daily living Integument:  Pruritus, pigment, or other color […]

Communication and Physical Assessment of the Child and Family : Pediatrics Health History

Pediatrics Health History Identifying information Name Address Telephone Birth date and place Race or ethnic group Sex Religion Date of interview Informant (most likely the parent) Chief complaint (CC): To establish the major specific reason for the child’s and parents’ seeking of health care Present illness (PI): To obtain all details related to the chief […]

Communication and Physical Assessment of the Child and Family : Blocks to communication

Blocks to communication Communication Barriers (Nurse) Socializing Giving unrestricted and sometimes unsought advice Offering premature or inappropriate reassurance Giving over-ready encouragement Defending a situation or opinion Using stereotyped comments or clichés Limiting expression of emotion by asking directed, closed-ended questions Interrupting and finishing the person’s sentence Talking more than the interviewee Forming prejudged conclusions Deliberately […]

Communication and Physical Assessment of the Child and Family

Communication and Physical Assessment of the Child and Family Communicating with Children Importance of creating a safe environment Introduce yourself Involve the child from the beginning of the interaction PLAY, PLAY, PLAY Get eye level Take your time Explain the purpose of the exam in age-appropriate terms Provide privacy Direct the focus  Ask one question […]

Family, Social, Cultural, and Religious Influences on Child Health Promotion : Mass Media

Mass Media Media Effect Potential Consequences Violence Government, medical, and public health data show exposure to media violence as one factor in violent and aggressive behavior.  Both adults and children become desensitized by violence witnessed through various media, including television (including children’s programming), movies (including G-rated movies), music, and video games. In addition, cyber-bullying and […]